Geography of Jamshedpur

1. Location

Jamshedpur is located in the eastern part of India, within the state of Jharkhand, in the East Singhbhum district. It lies on the Chota Nagpur Plateau, a region rich in mineral resources and characterized by hilly terrain.
• Latitude: Approximately 22.80° N
• Longitude: Approximately 86.20° E
• Elevation: Around 135–183 meters (443–600 feet) above sea level
The city is situated at the confluence of two rivers:
• Subarnarekha River – flows from west to east
• Kharkai River – joins the Subarnarekha in the city’s south-western part

2. Topography

Jamshedpur has a varied landscape:
• Surrounded by hills and forests, particularly in the Dalma Hills to the north, part of the Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary
• The region consists of undulating terrain, lateritic soils, and numerous small rivers and streams.
• The plateau provides a stable geological base ideal for heavy industries and mining.

3. Climate

Jamshedpur experiences a tropical wet and dry climate (Aw) under the Köppen climate classification.
• Summer (March–June): Hot and humid, temperatures often exceed 40°C
• Monsoon (July–September): Heavy rainfall, primarily due to the southwest monsoon, with annual precipitation between 1,200–1,400 mm
• Winter (November–February): Mild and pleasant, with temperatures ranging between 8°C to 22°C

4. Natural Resources

Jamshedpur is rich in mineral resources, which played a key role in its selection as the site for India’s first steel plant.
Key resources nearby include:
• Iron ore (Noamundi and Gua mines)
• Coal (Jharia and West Bokaro coalfields)
• Limestone, manganese, and chromite
These resources are largely found in the surrounding regions of Jharkhand and Odisha, making Jamshedpur an ideal location for steel and manufacturing industries.

5. Flora and Fauna

• The Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, located just north of the city, is home to elephants, leopards, deer, and a variety of bird species
• The forests are primarily deciduous, with sal, teak, and bamboo trees
• The city itself has well-maintained green belts and parks, including Jubilee Park, which contribute to its reputation as one of India's greenest cities.

6. Urban Geography

• Jamshedpur is a planned industrial city, originally developed by Tata Steel
• It consists of various residential, industrial, and commercial zones, with modern infrastructure like wide roads, underground drainage, and water supply managed by JUSCO
• Key areas include Bistupur, Sakchi, Sonari, Kadma, and Telco Colony

Significance of Geography in Jamshedpur’s Growth Jamshedpur’s geography abundant in resources, located near major transport routes, and blessed with river systems made it an ideal site for industrial development. Its natural setting also supports biodiversity and contributes to its livability.